Who chartered Georgia as the thirteenth British colony?

The correct answer is King George II, who chartered Georgia as the thirteenth British colony. This charter was granted in 1732 and was part of a larger strategy to provide a buffer against Spanish Florida and to alleviate social issues in England, such as overcrowding in prisons. King George II's support for the colony was critical, as it was under his reign that Georgia was established with specific goals related to charity and military defense.

Queen Anne and the other kings mentioned did play significant roles in British history, but they were not involved in the establishment of the Georgia colony. Each of these figures held influence during different periods, with Queen Anne ruling prior to Georgia's charter and King George III being in power years later, when the colony was already established. King Charles II, while instrumental in the funding and establishment of other colonies, did not have direct involvement with Georgia’s charter. The historical context surrounding King George II's chartering of Georgia highlights his intentions to create a new society aiming for a fresh start for many individuals.